Bibliography of the Orphan Train Movement

Brace, Charles Loring. The life of Charles Loring Brace: Chiefly told in his own letters. C. Scribner's sons, 1894.

A collection of Braces own letters about the movement. It contains useful information and critical remarks that elaborates the reasons as to why he started the movement as well as its purpose.

History," The Children's Aid Society, http://www.childrensaidsociety.org/about/history.

The article presents the chronological order on how the movement was begun and how it went on afterward. The problems faced, and the challenges that accompanied the orphans are outlined in the article.

Warren, Andrea. Orphan Train Rider: One Boy's True Story. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company (1996)

The book by Warren gives insights on the Orphan Train Movement that predated the foster homes. It has a wealth of information about the experiences of some of the orphans. The book outlines the comprehensive details of the American social experiment. Some of the orphans on the Orphan Train movement were adopted while others were not that fortunate. This book alternates the different chapters regarding the history of Lee Nailing and that of the orphan trains who rode a train to Texas at the age of nine in 1926.

"Need For the Orphan Trains | National Orphan Train Complex." Orphantraindepot.Org, 2017. http://orphantraindepot.org/history/need-for-the-orphan-trains/

The article contains the information as to why the Orphan Train Movement was needed. By providing examples such as insufficient Living Conditions,' the article attempts to justify the creation of the movement. The author also explains that mass immigration was part of the problem as agents of advertisements continued to advertise the United States as the land of opportunity. Mass immigration led to the shortage of social amenities and basic needs such as shelter. The author notes that when food became scarce, children started working to supplement their family earnings. One the final paragraph of the article, the author discusses the indoor relief and prejudice aid.

Riley, Glenda, and Marilyn Irvin Holt. "The Orphan Trains: Placing Out In America." History of Education Quarterly 33, no. 3 (1993): 450. Doi: 10.2307/368232.

Holts book provides insights on the ideals of having the movement. It describes the roles played by social reformers during the 19th century and the theories of relief and welfare for the poor.

"Children's Aid Society of New York," The Social Welfare History Project, http://www.socialwelfarehistory.com/organizations/childrens-aid-society-of-new-york/.

It is an article about The New York Childrens Aid Society. This is the society that was responsible for the Orphan Train Movement. The article contains the information on how the society came into being, its programs and services and ways in which the program worked. The article also outlines the early programs conducted by CAS that included opening lodging houses for the homeless youths, the initiation of the emigration program, the setting up of industrial schools to teach cobbling and sewing. The article also provides the various terms on which of the boys were placed in homes.

O'Connor, Stephen. 2001. Orphan trains: the story of Charles Loring Brace and the children he saved and failed. http://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=3305863.

This book by OConnor provides a powerful blend of adventure, photography, and history. The book fills a serious gap in the American story. The author has traced the origins of the Childrens Aid Society and through a well-crafted narrative. The book narrates how Charles Loring provided homeless individuals with food, shelter education, and for the lucky ones- a new family. The book, however, identifies that the family matching process was haphazard. The book is also complete with deeply moving stories and photographs.

"Lost Children: Riders on the Orphan Train." National Endowment for the Humanities, 2017. https://www.neh.gov/humanities/2007/novemberdecember/feature/lost-children-riders-the-orphan-train.

In this feature, Dan Scheuerman analyzes the letters written by Charles Loring. He reviews various texts and videos such as Placing Out in the aim to draw a picture of the living conditions that the Lost Children lived in. in his analysis, the author notes that the hardships faced by Orphan Train children were emotional. Other sample stories that the author reviewed are those of children who had been taken as orphans. Some of the children recounted that the lucky ones got good families while the unlucky ones ended up as slaves or in cotton picking families.

Langston-George, Rebecca. 2016. Orphan trains: taking the rails to a new life.

In his book, Orphan trains: taking the rails to a new life, Langston-George uses specific individuals to narrate their personal experiences on the Orphan Train. Langston-George has ensured that all the experiences narrated are unique and is geared towards the agitation of emotions whether one cries, is confused, is confused. It is easy to follow the format used by the author. The words used by the author makes the stories come alive.

Johnson, Kristin F. 2011. The orphan trains. Edina, Minn: ABDO Pub. Company. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&db=nlabk&AN=432509.

Johnson examines the orphan movement as an important historical event. Due to the easy to read writing style, the text was able to achieve an exploration of childrens Aid Society. The author also incorporates the development of child labor laws, the Brace School, the roles of the Great Depression, and the civil war, and the individuals such as Loring Brace.

Bibliography

"Children's Aid Society of New York," The Social Welfare History Project, http://www.socialwelfarehistory.com/organizations/childrens-aid-society-of-new-york/.

"Lost Children: Riders on the Orphan Train." National Endowment for the Humanities, 2017. https://www.neh.gov/humanities/2007/novemberdecember/feature/lost-children-riders-the-orphan-train.

"Need For the Orphan Trains | National Orphan Train Complex." Orphantraindepot.Org, 2017. http://orphantraindepot.org/history/need-for-the-orphan-trains/History," The Children's Aid Society, http://www.childrensaidsociety.org/about/history.

Brace, Charles Loring. The life of Charles Loring Brace: Chiefly told in his own letters. C. Scribner's sons, 1894.

Johnson, Kristin F. 2011. The orphan trains. Edina, Minn: ABDO Pub. Company. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&db=nlabk&AN=432509.

Langston-George, Rebecca. 2016. Orphan trains: taking the rails to a new life

O'Connor, Stephen. 2001. Orphan trains: the story of Charles Loring Brace and the children he saved and failed. http://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=3305863.

Riley, Glenda, and Marilyn Irvin Holt. "The Orphan Trains: Placing Out In America." History of Education Quarterly 33, no. 3 (1993): 450. Doi: 10.2307/368232.

Warren, Andrea. Orphan Train Rider: One Boy's True Story. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company (1996)